Whakamātautau Non-kino o hononga paiherea: taputapu, GOST

Fehokotaki'anga kei te whakamahia i roto i ngā mahi tāutanga, ki te hiahia koe ki te whakarite i te nui rawa o te tika o hononga. I roto i te rahiraa o te taime, te Tuhinga waiariki he kahore kē, engari i reira e maha tikanga rerekē o tona mahi, e kore e ki te whakahua tikanga mahi. Fakatatau ki ai, tikanga rerekē, me te whakamatautau i te kounga o te tui. whakamahi tohunga whakamātautau kore-kino o hononga paiherea, tuku ki te pupuri i te hanganga o te rauemi i roto i te rohe tahi me te mahi o te hoahoa whānui.

paerewa ture (GOST)

Ko te whakatinanatanga o ngā tikanga whakamātautau kore-kino kawea atu i roto i runga i te ture hangarau. Rawa hoki fehokotaki'anga Kei te GOST wāhanga i raro i te tau 3242-79. Te arata'ihia e te tikanga o tenei tekiona, ka taea e te ariki te whakamahi i te tikanga ngā o te aroturuki. Standards whakaahua kore anake te taputapu whakamātautau mahi, engari ano hoki taputapu. I roto i ētahi wā, ka tukua ine i te whakaritenga, e ngā te GOST. hāngai ana whakamātautau Non-kino o hononga paiherea i roto i tenei take i runga i ngā huarahi ki te whai kounga, e kua tūtohutia ki te ngā mahi o te rapunga o mea kohakore i roto i te pā ana ki konganuku motuhake me alloys. Heoi, i roto i taua āhuatanga kia hāngai i runga i nga whakaritenga o nga manuhiri, engari i roto i tetahi atu wāhanga - 19521-74.

He aha hē e kitea?

He maha ngā rōpū o kohakore e te tauturu i kitea te hangarau tirotiro kore-haamou. I te taumata taketake kitea kohakore tui mata. Taua ine i te täkupu e taea te whakaritea ara ka whakamātautau waho, ara i waho te whakamahi o te taputapu motuhake. Hei tauira, he whakamātautau kore-kino waho o mekameka āwhina ki te whakatika i nga rohe te whakamutu anga te mata. e kore e taea te kitea te hē ā-waho i te tikanga hangarau e tika ana. tautuhi te reira i te āhua Weld, tona mahi me te tika.

Ehara i te mea tonu he koha ta iho e pā ana ki te unsuitability o te hoahoa ranei te hua mō te whakamahi i muri hoki i ētahi atu take. Ano, rite tonu ki nga ngā, te Weld taea e deflection tino, me te iti. mahi mana rite te wa ko ki te tautuhi i hē tino, e kua tautuhia rite whakaritenga tika rauemi Whakahaere.

Taputapu mō te tikanga mana acoustic

Tenei tikanga o arowhai mo te aroaro o hē hanganga i roto i te mekameka , ko tetahi o te tino hangarau matatau, tika, me te tōtika. I roto i te rite ki te tahi atu tikanga hou o te mana, tuku hoki ia rehe o tono. Ka taea te whakamahi i te reira rō whare me waho, kahore te supply mana. whakahohe te whakaū pūoko koha ultrasonic, arā, o te maha kōwae mahi. I roto i ngā, i te whakamātautau kore-kino o hononga paiherea ko ki te whakamahi i transducers piezoelectric, e roto i wae pūmārō mō te tangohanga me te manene o ngaru ultrasonic. Ko te pūrere mahia ngātere o oscillations ultrasonic, ka e tango hoki nga tohu kitea e kua aroaro ki te kaiwhakahaere i roto i te puka watea mō te tātari. Exploring te kaha tīwera o te tohu, te taputapu kaiwhakamahi whakatau nga tawhā o mea kohakore.

Taputapu mō te aroturuki radiation

huaina ana tēnei tikanga ko radiation koha rapunga o hononga paiherea. hāngai ana te parau tumu o te ako i runga i te supply o ionizing radiation. I roto i te wahi o nga hihi i roto i te tui heke ratou kaha, i runga i te matotoru, me te mātotoru o te rauemi rānei. Ko te huringa i roto i te reiti tukunga taea te operator ki te whakatau i te aroaro o discontinuities i te matotoru o te hononga. I roto i te whakahaere i tenei mahi, te whakamahi i te momo o puna X-ray. Ko te taputapu tino noa mō te whakamātautau kore-kino o hononga paiherea o tenei momo i roto i te puka o accelerators irahiko me te gammadefektoskopov. Ko te kaha ki te ngā wae raraunga ki ehu iratuke radiation. kaiwhakanao Russian o mihini X-ray mo te arowhai mekameka hua taputapu e āhei mana i runga i te whānuitanga o te pūaho pūngao radiation i runga i toharite i te 15 keV ki 30 MeV.

Ko te taputapu mō te mana waiariki

Aromātai o kounga Weld i waiariki matawai taea ki te mahi ki te whānui o alloys whakamahia i roto i te ahumahi, me te i roto i te ahumahi hanga ngā. No nia i hē detectable, tāutu te tātari waiariki kōwhao, kapiti, te kore o te hononga wahi, inclusions ke, me te rite. D. Tino whakawera rohe me te mauria i te rēhita o radiometer tūpato. Tenei pūrere, e whakatinana te whakamātautau kore-kino o mekameka o ngā hanganga whakarewa i runga i te rohe katoa. I roto i te tātari, te arowhai operator me te hanganga taketake undeformed me te huinga. Na roto i te te whakatairite i te wāhi mä me hononga whakaritea tika o te hanganga. I teie mahana, i reira e ngā wāhanga o tenei tikanga. I roto i ngā, i te tikanga tā te rerekē tātari vibroteplovizionny i roto i ahanoa whakawhiti pūngao.

Taputapu mō te mana hiko

Hanganga o te mara hiko huri noa te ahanoa whakamātautau taea hoki ki te whakatau i te hoahoa āhuatanga o te hanganga ā-i te ngā hononga. Hei whakamahi i tēnei tikanga e whakamahia ana pūtahuri elektroemkostnye o ngā momo. Hei tauira, ngā pūnaha rauata e hanga e heterogeneity teitei o te parae hiko. Ko te pai tenei āhuatanga kia e te operator tuhi te rerekē i roto i te papamuri o te tūtohutanga tiketike i roto i te faaohiparaa i te pini whakamuri i runga i te rauemi. Electric mana kounga nondestructive o hononga paiherea i roto i ngā hanganga linearly broaching tā kōrero transducers. Kei te tino whakamahia taua taputapu i roto i te aromātai i te kounga o te mekameka i hanga i runga i te waea, takai whakarewa, rakau, me te pera i runga i. G., Tei runga i te electrodes supply o nāianei he kaupapa rerekē kia whakamahia ai.

Pūrere mō te mana o te capillary

Tenei whānui whānui o ngā tikanga e kua whakahaua ki te kite me te faaotiraa o te tawhā koha ā-. Ka rite ki te taputapu mahi e whakamahia ana te tirohanga penetrant. tuhi ratou nga āhuatanga o te taua kōwhao, ratou hanganga, ahunga, hōhonu me te wāhi mokowā. Heoi, e kore te mea taea to ratou mahi i waho te whakamahi o penetrants. Tenei matū wai flowable ranei e, ka whakaurua ki roto ki te tui taea, me tona horapa ki runga ki te kōwhao ā. tikanga capillary o whakamātautau kore-kino o mekameka whai wāhi te whakamahi o ngā āhuatanga rerekē o te penetrant. Ko te ahua o ngā e whakarato mōhiohio e pā ana ki te hanganga o te whakamātautau pūhui penetrant. He matū e kua whakahohe ka te ultrasonic, autō, tae, me ētahi atu ngātere. Ētahi pūhui i te tauhohenga korerotia, i muri i pera tonu e hiahiatia ana i te mana kei te ki te hapai i te hononga absorbers pera-ka karanga. whakakore ratou te pānga kino o te capillary penetrant i runga i te rauemi o te ahanoa, e hanga ana e ia taea ki te huanga tenei tikanga ki kore-destructively.

Turuturu rapunga i roto i te he tui rite te tikanga o te mana

Ko te nuinga o hono ki nga parau tumu o te hangarau mana o mua tenei tikanga, engari te mea etahi rerekētanga nui. Ki te arotahi te tikanga capillary kei i runga i te whakamāramatanga pau o ā kōwhao tawhā, whāinga te parau tumu turuturu rapunga ki te kitea wahi i i pakaru taatiraa te. I roto i tenei take, ka taea te tirohia te tui fehokotaki'anga mā te whakamahi i ngā rauemi wai e kore anake, engari ano hoki i roto i te ranunga rangi me te hau. E mea pinepine whakamahia tenei tikanga i roto i mua o te tikanga capillary, no te mea i roto i iho ko te rapunga turuturu kitea he takahi o tightness i roto i te pae hononga, engari e kore e whakarato mōhiohio e pā ana ki te āhuatanga o te koha.

Me pēhea te ki te tīpako i te tikanga mana tino pai?

E fakalili'a tohunga i nga mahi e kuo pau ke fakahoko e te mana. Hei tauira, ki te mea he tirohanga mata, he reira taea ki te whakahaere i te hangarau turuturu rapunga mea he tirohanga ataata ite ranei. Hoki whakamahia te tātari hohonu me te tika atu te, ultrasonic, hiko, me mihini X-ray. Next, whakaaro pehea e taea e whai hua he whakamātautau kore-kino ngā o hononga paiherea ina whakatinana i roto i te horopaki motuhake. Ko te kupu, e taea te whakamahi i te tikanga ultrasonic i roto i tata i tetahi taiao, engari ko reira atu te utu. tikanga atu utu o karapa hē hiko, engari e taea te whakamahi i te reira i anake i roto i te aroaro o te puna o nāianei eu.

mutunga

hononga Mana i roto i ngā hanganga maitai hononga ko te tika nui tirohanga mahi. Whakaratohia hua whakamātautau pai, ka taea e koe te whakamahi i te hua mo tona whakaaro e tūmanakohia ana hoahoa ranei. I tua atu, whakamātautau kore-kino o hononga paiherea taea whakarato mōhiohio e pā ana ki te whakaurunga tawhito whakahaeretia. Neke atu i te wa, e ngohengohe ki te kakahu noa-kounga teitei kaimono, na kia te whakamātautau kia whakamana wā. I muri ia me nga hua o te tātaritanga homai he whakaaro i runga i te huru hangarau o te hanganga. I runga i te pūtake o tenei tuhinga, ki te kaipūkaha i tiaki hanga whakatau ki te whakakore i te koha ranei i runga i te whakauru o te ahanoa mō te whakamahi ranei.