A. S. Pushkin: 1820-1824, hono tonga. Whakarāpopototanga mahi matua

wā Tino ngā i roto i ngā o te haurongo me te auaha ko te hono tonga o Pushkin. korero poto e pā ana ki reira - e kore mahi ngāwari. Ko te wā o te hononga tonga - tenei wa kua whakapono i Mei 1820 ki Hōngongoi 1824. reira e ko te wāhi koki i roto i te toi tenei, a i roto i te ora o Alexander.

Kua puta ke mana o Pushkin. Ko ia tonu te rangatira, engari ka he rohi pehe-whakaraua, rangatira tawainga. I roto i tenei take, kahore he ora huinga ratonga o Alexander atu i St Petersburg. Ko te kupu, ko te hono i taea tahuri ki te tuwhera-mutu. Ko te whakarau muri o tona anake okioki i runga i te āhuatanga tōrangapū i roto i te whenua i te wa, ka noho Pushkin. 1820-1824 - hono tonga. Whakarāpopototanga o nga mahi nui o tenei wā, me te mōhiohio haurongo e pā ana ki tenei wa aroaro i roto i tenei tuhinga.

Haere ki te whānau Rajewski

I te tīmatanga te patapata mai "o hau" i pai autocracy mo Pushkin. I waenganui Mei ko Mahuru 1820, pau ia haere. haere ki te tonga te rohi pehe ki te whānau o General Rajewski, whānui, hero o te Pakanga o 1812. Tuhinga o nga ongo Crimean me Caucasian, kare, unu i tahitanga ki te te mau melo o tenei utuafare rahi, me runaruna tamahine whānui e pā ana ki tekau tau kitea i roto i te rotarota o Alexander.

Ratonga roto i Chisinau

He aha te mea te atu haurongo o Pushkin? Kua puta e kore e pera hari hono Tonga. I i te tau 1820 ki te 1823 i pera ahau ki te tango i te wahi i roto i Chisinau. mahi ia i roto i te mata Bessarabian kawana i roto i te tari (i roto i te whakaahua i runga ake - te whare-whare taonga o Pushkin i Chisinau). Kei te mohiotia te reira e tukinotia te whānui Inzov tona paroita pai. tamata ia e kore ki te pikaunga a ia ki te nui te mahi, tukua ngaro roa i Chisinau. Na reira, i kore pera pakeke te hono tonga o Pushkin.

Poto korero e pā ana ki reira, ko reira utu te whakahua e noho te rohi pehe he wa roa i roto i Kamenka (Kievskaya kawanatanga), te whenua Davydov, i Noema 1820 ki Hānuere 1821. wahi tenei ko tetahi o nga pokapū pato'iraa ki te tikanga i haere te wahi ki te rangatiratanga o Alexander I. tae mai hoki te rohipehe Odessa Kiev, a i te mutunga o tau 1821, haere ia ki a Moldova ki IP Liprandi. hāngai ana te mahi o Pushkin i hono tonga kei i runga i te katoa o enei, me te maha atu ngā wheako.

Maungārongo ki te tahae

I roto i te Kamenka ko Kishineve Aleksandr Sergeevich korero ki te mau melo o te mea ngaro o te Southern Society me te "Union o Welfare" (V. L. Davydovym, P. I. Pestelem, P. S. Puschinym, V. F. Raevskim, M. F. Orlovym). hononga South Pushkin wā ko te haurongo whārangi kanapa o te rohi pehe, ki tonu i te whakaari ā-. e kore ia i maranga ia, kihai ia i whakaae, a kihai i ripeneta. tohua hono tonga i roto i te ora o Pushkin e te meka e mahi reira rite te āwheo o te patunga o te kaitukino, te kaiwhakaatu o te tikanga herekore. ngākau tōrangapū me te freethinking o Alexander arahina ki te uniana ofi ki nga fakaangá tuwhena o te tikanga. hiahia Pushkin ki te hanga a ratou o koutou hoa. whakaaro ia e he e pā ana ki ki te ite i te moe o te "haere noa tapu." Na hiahia Pushkin ki rumakina ki te pakanga tōrangapū ki te he,.

Kei te kore te pehe ngā ki te mau ti'aturiraa tawhito - te ata o "te haere noa o te marama" me "Te hopu Star o te oaoa". kore kua okioki ia i runga i te whakaaro nui o te fakaaoao. I roto i te hono tonga i pau Pushkin faaoromai, ka kite ia i "hoari tautea" "kaitiaki o te haere noa." Heoi, e tumanako ana ahau e ka tauturu i ana kupu i roto i te take whānui, i muri i ngaro te ia. anga hoa ki korero i te rohi pehe e te mea kahore he hapori ngaro.

rotarota whaiāipo

I roto i te hono tonga mahi Alexander rite te rohi pehe kanapa whaiāipo. I roto i ana kupu ka te wahi matua no ki te momo whaiāipo. Ko te karere hoa me te Elegy whiti tenei. ka Alexander patere hiahia, me te aroha. tuhituhi Pushkin i roto i te hono tonga "Song o Oleg Wise". Rawa he tonu o Alexander te ao i roto whakatuwheratia i tenei wa i roto i te elegies ( "ora ahau toku hiahia ...", "Thins kapua ahiahi hiwi ..." "keto fetu'u'aho" me etahi atu.). Ko te ahua o epigraphs whaiāipo Pushkin ki te pene hou o tona ora auaha. Ko ratou kitea rohe koi i waenganui i nga tau o te ora i roto i St. Petersburg, ki tonu i te hakari, kōrero hoa, te mau oaoa o te aroha me te ora "i roto i te whakarau hōhā." Ko nga kupu o Pushkin, rite tonu, avtopsihologichna. huru ōrite o te rohi pehe ko te whakaahua whaiāipo o te kāhua.

pukapuka

tēnei wā, rongohia Aleksandru Sergeevichu pahuhu, puhoi, me te manene. E mea pinepine puta tauritetanga hinengaro ki ētahi atu pehe tawainga - Ovid, Baratynsky ko Byron. I roto i te tau 1821, i tuhituhi Pushkin te karere "Ki Ovid," me te te Elegy hītori i huaina "Napoleon". whakapakoko oraora o tangata ke me whakarau te aroaro i roto i pukapuka ki Baratynsky, tuhituhia i roto i te 1822.

Kia mahara e hoki ngā karere āhuatanga āhuatanga pērā elegies momo rite wehewehenga, te haapao ra huringa nohopuku confessional. Hoki Alexander Sergeyevich i ratou i te ahua o te maimoatanga rite te hoa hou, me hoa i St Petersburg. Porohita nui ūnga: NI Gnedich, AA Delvig P. A. Vyazemsky, PA Katenin, P. Ya Chaadaev, EA Baratynsky, F. enei Yur'ev et al.. karere ētahi wā riro pukapuka o whaki. te whakaaroaro Alexander ratou e pā ana ki te ora i roto i te whakarau, i ētahi wā haamana'o te hari o kōrero ki ratou hoa. I roto i taua mahi rite "te tu re Karere", "Ki toku inkwell," "Ki Ovid," he hakari te rohi pehe whakaaro huritao i runga i te āhuatanga i roto i te tuhinga, e pā ana ki te auahatanga, e pā ana ki te mau fifi o te whakarau.

rotarota Southern o Pushkin

riro āhuatanga hinengaro o Alexander i roto i te lyrics i hanga e ia. aroaro te rotarota i te tauira o te mooni, refracted i roto i te ara whaiāipo. He tokomaha hoki kaitito Romantic motu muri ka noho ia hei wā. I roto i te tau 1821, i tuhituhi Pushkin tona pehepehe rongonui ui ko e "Herehere o te Caucasus". I roto i te wā i 1821 ki te 1822, i mahi ia i runga i "Te Brothers tahae", i roto i te 1821-1823 gg. - i runga i "Te puna o Bakhchisarai". I roto i te 1824, kua i roto i te Mikhailovsky, oti ia tona pehepehe "Gypsies". Kei te whakapono te reira e enei mahi - te paetae matua o Alexander i roto i te whakahekenga atu tonga. Poem whakaohokia aromatawai whakahē o fakaangá me kaipānui, Heoi, kua whakakaha ratou ingoa kia rite ki te kaituhi o te punake Russian matua.

huringa āhuatanga

I roto i te rotarota koropiko tonga 4 anake mongamonga kahore e i hono ki ia atu ranei pūāhua, ihirangi ororongo. Heoi, E ratou he matua pū noa. Ko te pūāhua matua o enei mahi - māia, te iwi kaha. I tua atu, e hopoi mai huihui te pehepehe te kaupapa o te haere noa, e pops ake tonu i roto i te akoranga o te mahi.

Tuatahi hapu rite te huringa tënei o toru mahi o Alexander Pushkin. ka hoatu e hono Tonga ia te rauemi mo enei rotarota, i hanga nei i roto i te wā i 1820 ki te 1823. "Gypsies" i tuhituhia i roto i te tau i muri mai, me te e whakaurua i roto i te huringa tae noa nui i muri.

utu pūāhua ngākau me te haere noa, te oti'a ore, i ētahi wā makariri, me te kino tatou e kore talena anake, me te taketake, engari ano hoki i te meka i hanga e ratou i roto i te wā uaua mo te tuhinga Russian. i te taiao o ratou ahua. Kua hanga e te kaituhi i enei mahi o te Romantic buka, engari te pūāhua i roto i tonu ana rotarota ahua rerekē. Ratou whakapakoko tapatahi, kaha. ngā whiti o Pushkin ātete ki te māramatanga tuku iho o te romanticism ngā i roto i te meka e te whakamārama i roto i te mahi o Alexander Pushkin he tino ngaro. māngai te aito i roto i wehe i tona mua. O tona ora mua rite taea tatou te whakawa anake i kapo me haamana'oraa. ora aito me mahi i roto i te hakari.

Ko te ruri "Herehere o te Caucasus" (Pushkin)

1820-1824 - hono tonga, he whakarāpopototanga o te ngā matua e kua whakaahuatia i runga. Hei matau i tēnei wā i roto i te tahuri o Pushkin ki whakahere tona pehepehe "te Prisoner o te Caucasus". Tenei ko unconquered te protagonist, haere noa-aroha. Ka taea e anake tatou imi e pā ana ki tona mua. I roto i te kuputuhi i reira ko te tohu o te meka i haere mai te reira i te hapori nui. Hero te marama hōhā. rere atu i a ia e ia ki te Caucasus, titiro hoki haere noa i roto. Heoi, i konei ko ia he herehere. Ko te kupu, ko te haere noa rapu i te hero - tika he tokonga. Ko e tau'atāina pono i roto i te tangata. e kore e taea e No ngaahi tu'unga waho te whakamarie i te reira. Ko he teka e tau'atāina waho. whakapono ana te protagonist te e kore rawa ia e ora i roto i te whakarau. Heoi, ia nga◊i ia tikanga ki te whakarau. Aroha taitamariki kotiro Circassian homai ia i te whai wāhi ki te kawe i roto i te mawhiti. Na rere atu ia, ko te kupu dooming aroha ki te mahia e whakamomori. Ko wera te ngakau o tenei kotiro, pērā ua hero matao. Circassian reira tino he noa, me te haere noa-aroha.

"Gypsies"

Ki te hua i runga ake-whakaahuatia fakaongo "Gypsy", te nuinga i roto i ngā o pūāhua. Reira pā ana hoki ki te wā o te moni ki a tatou, mai i hanga te reira i roto i 1824, Pushkin (1820-1824 - hono tonga). Whakarāpopototanga me ngā āhuatanga o tenei hua, whakaaro ano tatou ki te whakaaro.

Aleko image i mawhiti tuatahi tino rite ki te huru o "Herehere o te Caucasus". Heoi, ko reira pai-hoahoa, matatini atu. Hero, "whaia e te ture," mahue te ao. Te nuinga pea, to tatou he tangata haereere he riria i ranei. whakapono ia e taea kitea ia oaoa, me te ata noho i roto i te puni gypsy, te wahi iwi ora, kore hono e tetahi anake mana'o. Heoi, e kore e te puni manako Aleko. Ko ia tika he hoa haere, he tangata ke ki tenei iwi, a ka taea ki te matau tona wairua haere noa-aroha.

Aleko i te aroha ki te kotiro gypsy Zemfira. Korero ia e pā ana ki te hapori nui, e ai ta ia, e te aia te iwi i reira whakaaro, whakama o te aroha, ka hoko, koropiko ratou upoko ki mua o nga whakapakoko, me te titiro hoki te moni engari mekameka. Hinga i roto i te aroha ki te wahine gypsy, hero o te rotarota whiti ko ia hei ki a ia a ake ake, engari kei tona wairua i roto i te whakarau riri pouri. Aleko kore e taea e tonu matau i te wairua i roto o te iwi, me te tango i te reira.

He aha mutu te maau "Gypsies"? hiahia Pushkin ki te mea e hoki te pūāhua matua riro te aamu tohu o te gypsy e pā ana ki tona aroha, whaiāipo me te e pā ana ki te āhua o tana wahine i mahue ia ia. Heoi, e kore e taea ki te taa i te reira, whakapono e kore ko reira tetahi o te hunga e kore e taea e te tangata e pupuri aroha te whakaaro nui o tenei kōrero. He rite ki te whawhai mo to ratou mau mana'o Aleko, engari mahi kino reira. Ona kanohi arai hipoko o hae, i roto i te pai o e whakamate ia tona aroha tinihanga. Na paopao gypsies te tangata i pena nanakia tona ngakau.

iwi whakaaro nui me te atawhai-ngakau, Heoi, ka taea e matau te weriweri o te hero, na e kore e faaere ia o te ora. korero ratou ki a ia te mea e hiahia ana ia e anake hoki ano, na tau o te haere noa pono o mana'o. Classic mahi Romantic i te faahopearaa oaoa. te tikanga toa i te aito, a ka mutu te pai whakapawera katoa. e kore te mea oaoa te faaotiraa Heoi, oti te rotarota o Alexander. Nā ki tenei riro ratou ake kiko, me te ora, me te whakaari. E whakaari taea ki te mahino pai tatou te huru o te hero. Kei te pai te fakatātaa'i tenei i te maau "Gypsies" (Pushkin).

A haamata i te mahi i runga i "Evgeniem Oneginym"

Images o te wairua tutu, iwi kaha, whakaahuatia e te rohi pehe, ka haere tonu ki te tīariari, whiwhi i te ringa rehe, me te āta hoko matatini ake. Eugene Onegin - he hero i roto i te mata o tenei momo nei e whiwhi i te ora hou. timata Alexander mahi i runga i te pūrākau i roto i te irava i roto i Chisinau i Mei 1823. Ka rite ki mahara koe, te wa pau i roto i te tonga o Pushkin, - 1820-1824 (hono tonga). Whakarāpopototanga o te pūrākau "Eugene Onegin", oti i roto i te 1831 - he kaupapa mo tetahi tuhinga.

Na, Hōngongoi 1824 mutu i roto i te hono tonga o Pushkin. Works tuhituhia i roto i te 1820-24 gg., Tonu faauru tokomaha.