Hanganga pāpori

hanga Society te ake o maha āhuatanga rerekē, e te hunga i roto i te pāhekoheko tamau - mai i takitahi, pūtahi pāpori ki hapori nui. whakaurua tenei katoa i roto i te ariā o pāpori hanganga. I roto i te mau parau te tahi atu e korero ana, ko te aha wahi, āhuatanga tito hapori me whanaunga tūmatanui, me taunekeneke e ratou tenei. I roto i te pāpori, te wa tuatahi te ariā o te hanganga o te hapori ki te tono Herbert Spencer, e mohio ki tenei wā hononga pūmau i waenganui i te rauropi pāpori me ona wahi takitahi. te, i roto i te whānui, whakaritea ia te hapori ki te tinana. E H. Spencer, hanganga pāpori - tenei tukanga, te wāhi o hono āhuatanga mahi me te whanaungatanga i waenganui i a ratou, hanga he pūnaha ahanoa ā-.

He maha ngā whakamāramatanga o te wā. Hei tauira, kotahi o ratou: te hanganga pāpori - te ara etahi o te ngatahi me ngā taunekeneke o ngā āhuatanga, e ko, mau taata tei mau i ngā tūranga tūmatanui (statuses) me te mahi i ngā mahi motuhake (tūranga). Ka taea te kite te reira i e te mea matua i roto i tenei definition - nga āhuatanga o te kōrero, me te pāhekoheko. Ranei, mo te tauira, he whakamāramatanga e tango ki pūkete te paparanga whenei ranei o te hapori: pāpori hanganga ko te huinga o ngā tūranga tūmatanui, tūhonohono, me te pāhekoheko, aroākapatia whakahau i roto i ngā o ratou te raupapatanga.

Ka taea te whakaaro te āhuatanga o te hanganga pāpori i runga i te taurangi e whai ake nei rānei:

1. Taupuhipuhinga.

2. te aueue ore.

3. Ko te ine taketake.

4. whakatau i te pānga ki runga ki tītohunga empirically kitea.

hanganga pāpori rite te pūnaha - ko reira he pūnaha tikanga ngatahi e taunekeneke i roto i taua mea, ka whakarite i tona tapatahi. He aha pūnaha e ngā i roto i te pūnaha tūmatanui? hanganga pāpori ngā takitahi he rōpū o te iwi (hapori), piri e etahi paearu, ratou hononga, te whanaungatanga me te taunekeneke, ngā whakahaere rerekē me pūtahi, ngā rōpū, hapori, ture, uara, me te ake. Ia o enei āhuatanga, kia wahi o te hanganga i roto i te hononga ngā ki atu, noho he tetahi tūranga me ki te tākaro i te tūranga motuhake i roto i te hapori.

I hoatu te tātari tino taipitopito o te hanganga pāpori e Karl Marx, e whakakitea e te āhuatanga tōrangapū, ahurea me te pae faaroo o te ora whakawhirinaki i runga i te aratau o production. whakaaro ia e te turanga ōhanga whakatau te superstructure wä, me te ahurea o te hapori. Nga kau muimui me akonga o Karl Marx e whakaarohia he huru ahua rerekē, whakaaro te whakahaere ahurea, tōrangapū me te wä o ngā motuhake, me te ti'aturi i runga i te wāhanga ōhanga pae hopea anake.

Ko te whakaaro o Karl Marx me ana muimuí i runga i te whanaunga pāpori i roto i te hanganga o te hapori kihai i te kotahi anake. Ko te kupu, tuhituhi Durkheim, i ngā, e pūtahi pāpori tākaro he wāhi tino nui i roto i te tuitui o te hapori, mai i tahi huihui nga wahi rerekē o reira. motuhia ia i roto i rua puka o whanaunga hanganga: mana mechanistic me organic. ako Weber a whakahaeretia te tātaritanga o whakaritenga ä-roto i te hapori: mākete, taero me tōrangapū.

whakapono T. Parsons e te Company ko te momo motuhake o te pūnaha pāpori, e kua he taumata tiketike o te whāiti me te whai tikanga-whaiaro. kotahitanga Taumahi o te hapori rite te pūnaha whakaritea e pūnaha pāpori, ki i pēnei ia te ōhanga (urutaunga), tōrangapū (tseledostizheniya), te ahurea (tauira tiaki). Integrative taua mahi hapori whakaritea e te pūnaha "hapori pāpori" arā, o te hanganga te nuinga ture.