Moana tonga

He aha te mea te moana? Ocean - he wai ao anga o te whenua, e karapoti te mau fenua, me motu. Neke atu i te whitu tekau ōrau (ki te kia tangohia, 71%) o te mata whenua e hipoki e te moana. He aha te mea te moana? E wehea fenua me moutere nui o moana o te ao ki rima nga wahi. I te mahere whakaputaina i roto i te Russian Federation, koutou e kore te nuinga pea e kitea i roto i te tonga Ocean. Heoi, i roto i te 2000, tangohia te International Hydrographic Union he whakatau i runga i te wehenga o te wāhi wai te ao i runga i rima moana. Mohiotia huri noa te Kiwa, tāpiri Indian, Atlantic ko Arctic te Southern Ocean. Aha te tapiritia reira ki tenei rārangi? Ahakoa te meka e te rohe ki te tonga o te Atlantic, Kiwa me Oceans Indian e tika tikanga, te wai, pātata ki Antarctica, whai āhuatanga motuhake. Heoi, kia tuhia te reira e kore kua whakamanatia whakatau te International Hydrographic Union o.

Southern Ocean me s te rohe raki, whakaaro nei ko te rohe Antarctic pūtahitanga (rohe o pūtahitanga o ngā mata). Ētahi oceanographers, whakapono aivanaa e te rohe tinana o te Southern Ocean e paku ki te raki, ara te pewa i te wahi tonga o Tierra Fuekó ki Āwherika ki te Tonga. Ko tōna rohe, ko te neke atu i te 76 miriona kiromita tapawha, te hohonu i whanganga nui o te Sandwich waikeri Tonga ko e pā ana ki 8428 mita.

Ko te tuatahi fakamatala'i te Southern Ocean i roto i 1650. Ko te matawhenua Tatimana B. Varenius. I muri mai, i roto i te rau tau 18, ka anga reira he ako o te rohe.

I roto i te tau 1845, i te Society Matawhenua London Royal patua ana ki te wāhi katoa, i te mea iti ki te porohita neke tonga, me te toro ki te fenua Antarctic, ka karanga te Southern Arctic Ocean. Southern Ocean i te tuhinga o te International Hydrographic Whakahaere taratahi i roto i 1937 i te Kiwa, Atlantic ko Indian, Heoi, i muri mai ki te kia mahue.

Mai i te hītori o te ako o te Southern Ocean ko reira mōhiotia e te kaipuke tuatahi, i whiti i roto i 1559 te porohita neke tonga, ko te kaipuke Tatimana i raro i te whakahau a Dirk Geerittsa, he mema o te matua hoia o Hakopa Magyu. D. Geerittsa kaipuke i te Strait o Magellan i muri i te tupuhi kaha i ngaro titiro o te matua hoia, a haere ana ki te tonga. Maturuturu ki āhua 64 ° te ahopae ki te tonga, ka kite whakahau whenua tiketike.

I roto i 1772, te tau o te Britain nui rere i runga i tona pakanga moana kotiro i roto i te tuakoi tonga o te kaihōpara rongonui D. Cook, me i te timatanga o 1773rd tau, tae ana kaipuke e rua te porowhita neke tonga. Heoi, i muri i te pakanga pau ki te hukapapa, hoki tahuri ratou. A marama torutoru i muri ka haere ano Kuki ki te Southern Ocean, ko Hakihea 8, 1773 patua te tonga o te Arctic Circle, engari ko te kaipuke tio zatort. Heoi, wewete ia i te huka whakarau, a haere ana atu tonga. Otiia ano a mutu reira e te taiepa te rapu o te huka, e kore ano e tika kia haere atu. I roto i te rua i te ope ki te Tonga Pou Cook rua whiti te Antarctic Circle, a ka whakaae e te maha nui o to'eto'e tohu e ki atu hiahia kia he fenua Antarctic nui. Ko tōna haerenga moana neke o te ope ia na mārama me mahino fakamatala'i e neke atu i te tangata, ki te kahore te tohorā hepohepo, e kore te wa roa i maia ki te haere ki aua rohe, me te titiro ratou.

I roto i te Pipiri 1819 ka haere hōpara Russian Bellinghausen me Mikhail Lazarev i rua e minaminatia ana o te whawhai i Kronstadt ki te Southern Ocean. Kua haere ratou ki tua atu i te tonga o te Arctic Circle, haere tonu ki runga ki te rawhiti, i Hānuere 1821 kitea nga motu o Pita ahau, a muri iho i roto i Hānuere o 1820 - Earth Alexander I. Ko te ope whakahaua e Bellinghausen hanga te rere tonu tuatahi i roto i te iti e rere marae a tawhio noa Antarctica, tuwhera i roto i tenei haerenga pūtaiao moana.