Oneone Brown, ratou āhuatanga me te whakarōpū

Chestnut karanga huru oneone pērā mo te hanganga o nei he steppes maroke. Aha nga āhuatanga o te oneone pereni rite ratou e hanga e, e noa nei, i kite i tenei tuhinga.

Hea a me pehea ki te hanga i te oneone pereni?

Ko te wahi o te take he steppes maroke ki āhuarangi maroke, ua iti, taumata tiketike o te whakaetonga. Chestnut oneone e hanga e raro i te otaota korekore, na he underdeveloped tukanga kohuatia i roto i rite ki te rohe whenua mangu. Ko te tikanga o te makuku tei runga i te aha e kia whakahuatia tukanga kohuatia ngoikore kaha ranei.

faaiteraa atu kaha o ona rohe o te raki e āhuatanga e ngā rohe i reira kawea te hanganga kei te i roto i te nuinga o te oneone taonga i roto i te pararopi - parauri pouri. Ki te haereraa i roto i te tonga nui haere maroke o te āhuarangi. Ko te whakawhiti o enei oneone ki parauri, ka he, ihirangi pararopi marama-parauri o e iti, te kaha o te pae - he iti.

Ki te horoi iti ua, me te oneone i te hua oneone ngonge saline kore e taea ki te tomo hohonu, na noho ratou i runga i te mata. Ki te whāwehe maia o otaota me pūhui pērā i te konupūmā, silicon, konupora, me konganuku alkali e tukua i roto i te nui. Nā ki to ratou aroaro i roto i te oneone tīmata ki te whakawhanake i alkalinity. He āhuatanga nui i roto i te oneone rohe steppe climates maroke ko e superimposed tukanga solonetsous i runga i kohuatia.

momo oneone o steppes maroke

• Chernozem tonga, me te mau.
• parauri pouri.
• Pereni.
• parauri Light.

Chernozem ko pereni te oneone Unuhia tonu totoro i te hauauru ki te raorao o te Altai. Eastern Altai reira he motu iti taratahi i roto i te rohe peihana, Selenga me Eastern Trans-Baikal steppes. He whānui i roto i enei oneone nga mania o Kapiana ko Kazakhstan i te rohe o maunga iti.

No te whakarite, noho oneone mangu 8.5 ōrau o te koraha, me te pereni oneone Russian - katoa 3. Ko te āhuatanga matua o te chernozems he ihirangi pararopi tiketike. chernozem Angamaheni rerekē tepu manawa whenua hohonu. Ko reira taa'eraa e te whāriki o runga o te oneone, ko te ua waiwai pai, raro - te wai whenua, a ka he maroke te pae i roto i waenganui i. Ko reira he pai mo te hanganga o mangu whenua me te pereni oneone enei tikanga.

Ia Momoroto oneone parauri, i runga i nga tikanga ngāwhā rānei tukua te rōpū e whai ake nei: mahana, āhua, hohonu-matao. I tua atu, i roto i te oneone Momoroto kotahi wehea e te ira tangata. Ko te noa, kawakore, kawakore-saline, residually solonetzic, tenei pākawa, pākawa waro-solonetzic. Me kï reira e whai nga oneone pereni o rerekē momo faaiteraa kore ōrite o ngā tohu rite alkalinity me te saline.

Soils he parauri pouri

noho ratou i te wahi raki o te rohe. Pouri oneone parauri cloddy ranei i te potakataka hanganga pararopi pae whenua mohoao lumpy me te pū - lumpy silty. Takanga o te gypsum me tai wairewa puta i te hohonu o e pā ana ki e rua mita. e kore e taea ngā āhuatanga o te oneone parauri waho te whakaahuatanga o te pararopi pae. I roto i tenei oneone tae te reira 50 henimita. I roto i te kawakore oneone i roto i te wahi o raro o te pae pararopi ko atu mātotoru. Tenei he no te mea te haafaufaa te reira i te matūriki colloidal.

hanganga lumpy me blocky he oneone pereni pouri. He nui ake korerotia ki te whakanui ake alkalinity pae o ratou āhuatanga. Kua lacquered mata hanganga kirinuku o te tae whero-parauri. Kei te wehea Rhode solonetzic oneone pereni pouri ki te momo e whai ake nei:

• Nonsolonetsous. mimiti ake ratou ki te 3 ōrau konutai absorption i te rōrahi katoa.
• , Ngonge oneone - 3-5 ōrau.
• Srednesolontsevatye - 5-10.
• Kaha tote - 10-15.

Āhuatanga oneone pereni pouri

• saline Solonetsous He toka kaha saline oneone pouri. I te hohonu o tetahi mita o te wai piki tai wairewa.
• I roto i te kawakore soils ihirangi konutai residually nga◊i ia exchangeable. He he alkalinity wäriu.
• I roto i te solonetsous oneone solodized wahi o runga o raro ranei o te pae te pararopi kua ngā osolodevaniya nei aroaro powdering takawai i runga i mata hanganga.

• oneone pereni pākawa waro i te ihirangi nui ake o te pākawa waro i runga i te mata. Ko te wahi o to ratou mātauranga he toka taimaha.
• Hanganga o te oneone pākawa waro-kawakore puta i runga i toka saline ki taimaha aunoa hanganga. Ko te oneone i te kiato nui, me te kōtaha tua whati. A, no te Maku ratou, e haamata te reira ki te pupuhi me te kia tuahu iho.

Āhuatanga oneone parauri

rere ke te reira i te pararopi pae. I roto i te pereni oneone, te ahua he 30-40 henimita. Te nuinga o pākawa waro piki i te hohonu o te 50 henimita, gypsum - 170, me tai wai-wairewa - i roto i te hohonu e rua-mita. Enei oneone i nga āhuatanga kano taua rite whakaahuatia ana i runga.

Soils he parauri te marama

Area o ratou hanganga ko te wahi tonga o te steppes maroke nohoia e tafu me te tarutaru otaota. Ēnei oneone e hanga e i roto i te āhuarangi maroke rawa. He iti te pae pararopi - 25-30 henimita. Kei te āhuatanga i te reira e structureless hanganga ngoikore, me te horoi. No te mea o tenei paparanga pākawa waro takoto tata ki te mata. Hōhonu gypsum pae ko 1 Meter 20 henimita. I roto i tenei oneone tai ngāwari wairewa kohikohi i roto i ngā rahinga nui, na puta alkalinity tohu nga wahi katoa. Kaua e taea te parauri kawakore soils kitea rawa uaua.

Ko te pae o runga o tenei oneone kua he tae marama, tona hanganga wewete. pānga ki osolodevanie. E wehea oneone pereni marama i te ira rite te pai kia rite ki te tahi atu. Alkalinity me te saline i roto i te oneone marama, me te e mārama whakakitea pūāhua zonal.

te whakamahi o

He rawaka rāhui o ngā matūkai te oneone o nga steppes, rawa pereni pouri,. He he hua tiketike. tupu te reira i witi, rai, te witi, sunflowers, merengi me hua rākau. He nui teitei loto ki te ki te oneone hanga ūkuikui, hopi, maniua hauota, me te pupuri makuku i roto i te reira.

Chestnut oneone, kahore tae pouri kanapa ranei maha whakamahia hoki hayfields, tarutaru, mara parautia. Ko he e tika ana mō te maara o te hua i runga ake hoki i te reira. I te marama-parauri oneone tupu ngā hua he taea anake i tona irrigation auau.

rerekē Chestnut kawakore soils hua te haaviraa. Na reira, ki te whakapiki ake i te whakamahinga o tona reclamation matū, me te koiora. hohonu I te tahi taime nui ki parau te whenua.

hapehape

• parauri Light, pereni me kawakore pararopi oneone apa steppe i kaha iti. E kore e taea te reira te whakarato i te kahu pakiaka o tikanga noa.
• puta ngā pāpaku pae pēpēhia. faanane tenei te tikanga wai o te oneone, me te ārai i te pakiaka tipu ki te tomo hohonu.
• Kawakore oneone i te kukū alkali nui haere, e hanga ana e ia e tika ana ki te oxidize te oneone i mua i te whakamahi i te reira.
• kore oneone steppe o te houku me ngā matūkai, parauri marama rawa.

kia āwhina i te tangata hei kaha, taonga i roto i te pararopi me ngā matūkai te pereni, te mana-iti, malostrukturnym me te kawakore soils. He mea tika ki te ngahere nahanaha te oneone ki te kapi ona rāhui wai ki te hanga i taua mea organic me kohuke maniua, ki te ū ki te tikanga hou o te mahi pāmu.