Stagflation - he aha te mea te reira? Ko te āhuatanga me ngā āhuatanga o te stagflation

Ko te kupu, whakaaro tatou te ariā o "stagflation." He aha te mea te reira? Na ka karanga āhua o te ōhanga, ka te heke me te stagnation o production tahi na roto i te aranga kore mahi, me te ara tamau i roto i te utu - pikinga. Ko, tautuhi te wā pikinga ki te puipuitua o stagnation ōhanga. I roto i te mau parau te tahi atu, ka karanga stagflation ahua mangere o te pae faarava'iraa. Ko te take matua o tenei tukanga ko nga mehua anti-raruraru, e te mauria atu te kaupapa here kāwanatanga me motuhake, i nei te taumata tiketike o te utu i roto i nga wa o te raruraru.

Kei te maha whakamahia tēnei wā i tenei ra i roto i macroeconomics hou. kua kore puta mai tenei āhuatanga hou kia roa i mua kia rite ki te hua o te whanaketanga hurihanga o te ōhanga motu me te hanganga o ngā momo hou o te uri o te whakapaipai.

Ko te whakamāramatanga

I korerotia tuatahi te ariā o te stagflation i 1965 i roto i te UK. Tae noa taua wa, i haere tahi te hekenga taha ohaoha tonu i te hekenga i roto i utu, engari, mai i 1960, i roto i nga whenua rerekē, i reira ko he tukanga whakamuri, kua oti nei te karanga a stagflation. He aha te mea te reira me aha e nga take o taua tukanga, whakamārama maha aivanaa i roto i te huarahi rerekē. take ka taea ngā te whai ake:

1. mōrearea Energy.
2. Ko te utu nui o te taonga heriheri i roto i nga wa o te raruraru.
3. ngā mahi State whakahaeretia ki te whakapai ake i te huru ōhanga o te whenua.
4. General ao o te ōhanga me te whakakorenga o te protectionism.

tauira stagflation

I te 1960-1980 tau o stagflation kitea i roto i te maha whenua whakawhanakehia o te Te Hau-ā-uru. He maha tauira, ko te fakangalongata'a tino mo Russia ko te tauira o te 1991-1996 o. Ko reira i roto i tenei wā te whenua ite tiketike pikinga me te heke tuutuu i roto i te GDP. Hei tauira, me te heke ōhanga i roto i te Hau Amui no Marite i roto i 1970. Ahakoa te tere o te pikinga i roto i te whenua moni ki 5.5-6%, i te mea, i roto i te parau tumu, a tohu ki stagflation.

tohu o te stagflation

Mō stagflation o te pūnaha ōhanga taea te whakawakia e te paearu e whai ake nei: hua i roto i te kore mahi, te āhua tumatatenga o te ōhanga, ngā tukanga pikinga i roto i te whenua, me te wāriu o te moni motu i roto i te hokohoko o te ao. Tenei ahua hou o raruraru i roto i te ōhanga, i roto i nei te moni e wātea ana o te taupori e kore e whai i te mana hoko i te taumata iti, engari kei te piki haere te tipu i te utu.

āhuatanga Stagflation e katoa o enei tohu, ka e katoa pai utaina ratou i runga i te āhuatanga ohaoha i roto i Russia - heke RUPO te taumata o te mahi ko te hoki i te taumata iti, i reira te mea he heke whānui i roto i te ōhanga. Ko reira hoki tenei take, economists mea e pā ana ki te tūponotanga o te stagflation i Russia. Pono, kaitätari whakapono e taua tukanga e inaianei reira i roto i te öhanga o maha whenua whakawhanakehia he reira, engari ka taea e whakauaua te mea he whakamarie. Ko te āhuatanga o te stagflation, he aha te mea te reira, kaua ranei, e kore ano tino ako e te economists. Kei te whakapono te reira e te āhua rite o te ōhanga e whangai ana ki te ngaro rite hohoro rite puta. Ko whakaae tetahi kaitätari mea: stagflation pau hopearaa kino anake.

He aha e te mau hopearaa o te stagflation

Stagflation, rite kua whakahuatia, kua he pānga tōraro i runga i te ōhanga. Ko tōna mau hopearaa - ko te heke o te ōhanga me te putanga o te raruraru whakapeka, pērā i te whakaiti i roto i te taumata o te haumaru o tangata, kore mahi me te whakaraeraetanga pāpori o etahi wāhanga o te taupori, te heke i roto i GDP me te heke o te pūnaha pūtea, me te nama.

Phillips ānau

Ka rite ki kia he tauira Keynesian ohie o te ōhanga hei rānei pikinga kore mahi ranei. I te wa ano, e kore e taea e te tokorua puta tukanga, engari e hāngai ana i runga i rangahau hōhonu whakahaere i roto i te-doma 50-60., Kua whakapumautia Economists e te vai te hononga taua. Stagflation me Phillips ānau tohu i te hononga kōaro pūmau, me te tonutia i waenganui i te pikinga, me te kore mahi.

Ko te hononga i waenganui i enei tawhā e rua inversely hautanga, kia taea tatou amo i taua i reira ko te rerekē, me te hononga i waenganui i a ratou. Ki te ka whakaritea te ānau Phillips i te kotahi te tūranga, ka iwi, te tāutu i te āhuatanga ōhanga, ka whai ki te whakatau he aha te mea pai ki te whakamahi i ki te whakapai ake i te āhuatanga - taea kaupapa here moni fakangatangata ranei.

Me pēhea te ki te karo i stagflation

I ngā wā, i roto i te tikanga ki te ū te āhuatanga i roto i te mehua ōhanga tono iti te anake e te tohatoha anō o te tono whānui, e, i roto i te meka, e kore e pā te nehe o te mākete mahi me te pūnaha o te faatîtîraa i roto i te mākete. I roto i tenei take, te tere o te pikinga tīmata ki te ara i mua i atu kua tutuki mahi tonu. Hei tauira, te raweke o te whakahiato hiahiatanga i roto i te whakamahi o te moni, me te moni mehua arahina ki te ōhanga displacement tomu'a Phillips ānau anake.

E stagflation i Russia

Nā ki te koi mimiti haere te wāriu o te RUPO hapori tohunga piki e hanga matapae pe'ape'ao. Tohunga mea e kore ko te hinga taua ara i roto i nga wa o ao raruraru pūtea. No reira, kua fokotu'u reira e te anga Russia stagflation. He aha te mea me te mea e taea e tahuri ki te ōhanga, kua matou kōrero kē. Kahore pai mo te āhuatanga ōhanga, e kore e Russia tahuri atu rite stagflation fakatahai te heke tukutahi o te ōhanga me te pikinga.

E ai ki te kaitātari

E stagflation i Russia? He aha te mea te reira, ki te kitea e te mua i roto i? Ko ranei reira te whakaaro i muri i runga i te ōhanga kāinga, unsubstantiated me kore whakatikaia? Na, ki te whakapono koe te kerēme o te Center mō te Higher School o economists, na Russia ka hohoro fehangahangai tenei raruraru kino. Ko tōna matapae matekiri tātaritanga tohunga whakamārama e whai ake nei. Ka rite ki te mea e mohiotia, stagflation - he tukanga multilateral, i roto i nei tetahi o nga rōpū ki te whakatau i te heke o te mahi ahumahi.

He reira taunakitanga mō tenei heke? Ki te haamana'o koe hua o whakamutunga tau, katia reira te Russian ki te mehua o te tupu o te öhanga i 1.3%. I te hui whakamutunga o te Kaunihera Economic Russian te peresideni Putin V. V. whakahuatia te meka e torutoru whenua i roto i te whakaatu te ao te tupu taua GDP. Na kua tuhia etahi he topata o tenei tohu. No te whakarite, te tauiraa i roto i te GDP i Itari, i reira hinga ai e 1.9%, ka tupu i te% 0.2 anake i roto i France. Na reira, e nehenehe tatou e faaoti e he ungrounded, a kihai te kino rawa ki te ōhanga o Russia matapae nga tohunga ', rite e tamata ratou ki te whakaatu. Otiia e kore e wareware i roto i te tau o mua, i roto i te 2012, a Russia tupu ōhanga tae 3.4%.

ta stagflation atu taha te ara tere i roto i utu i roto i te whenua. A i roto i te meka, rite ki tatauranga, i Russia, whakatika utu kiritaki e 6.5% i runga i te tau whakamutunga. No te whakarite: i roto i te EU ratou maranga i% 1 anake. I roto i te ngā, he hua kaha o nga utu tohua i runga i te rōpū hua kai - i te 6.2%. Ki te whakarite ano tatou i tenei ahua ki nga raraunga i roto i te Pākehā Union, a ki reira tupu ratou i te% 1.4 anake.

Kia pehea te whai i te whika i roto i 2014

Utu o ngā hua kai tonu ki te tupu i tēnei tau. E ai ki te tohunga, ka kia nui atu kitea ratou tupu, rawa, ki te te hua utu o huawhenua, hua, hua miraka me te ika, inu i te kava, me ngā ratonga ki te iwi whānui. E ai ki te taua matapae ta'efiefia, he reira pea e taea e pikinga i roto i te whenua mo te tau ara ki te 6%, e ko, ka waiho i te reira 1.5% ki runga ake i te taupū, i whakaritea te Central Bank.

Te nuinga pea, ka āta te RUPO fakavaivai'i noa mo te wa roa. he tika ki te āhuatanga maha tenei pērā i te whakaiti o kawemai, stagnation i roto i te ahumahi ahumahi, te kaimahi o te moni i roto i te whenua. Mea katoa atu, tāpiri ia, me te tapepe ka hāpaitia e. I roto i te HSE tuhia e i roto i te tikanga ki te huri i tenei āhuatanga, he mea e tika ana ki te whakarato i te mimiti haere te wāriu hohonu o te moni.

Me whakarongo ki tetahi atu āhuatanga nui o te stagflation, ara, te taumata o te kore mahi i roto i te whenua. Nuinga tata, te kāwanatanga whakapehapeha kī e ko te auau kore mahi i roto i Russia i runga i te tekau tau o mua te raro. Na ko pono tenei te take. I te 2013, ko te auau kore mahi e pā ana ki 5.5%. Ko te ōhanga i roto i Russia pōturi tona tupu, Na, ko te ki te kia tūmanakohia e reira ka kia atu kore mahi. Kei te matapae reira e na te mutunga o 2014 te auau kore mahi i taea e neke atu i te 6%. Otiia, e kore e te hua tere o tenei tohu tūmanakohia.