He aha te poke o te rangi i roto i te pa? He aha nga mea e paheke ana i te hau?

Te huri i te hanganga hau o te kōhauhau - te hua o te huinga o taiao i roto i te āhua me te mahi a te tangata. Ko e o enei tukanga ngoi ana i te kau? Ki te kitea i roto i, matou whakamārama tuatahi e whakapokea te rangi. Ko tōna hanganga āhua tamau i roto i tau tata he kaupapa ki rerekē nui. Ko nga raruraru taketake o te mana me te tiaki o te viivii ore o te peihana rangi hei tauira o tenei mahi i roto i nga pa tukunga.

E te huri i te hanganga o te kōhauhau?

Air pollution ecologists fakakaukau te huri ona tauwaenga kohia ki runga o te mātakitaki i te wā roa. puta ratou rite ki te hua o maha ngā momo o pānga hapori i runga i te taiao, me te tika ki ngā tukanga māori. Hei tauira, pollutants rangi, a liliu te hanganga hau o te kōhauhau, i hanga kia rite ki te hua o te respiration, hoź tauiraa me te chemosynthesis i roto i nga pūtau o kaiao ora.

I tua atu ki te taiao, i reira te mea he poke te tangata-i hanga. Ana puna taea e te pira o tetahi whakaurunga production, hau ururua rāngai whare ā, tukunga waka. Ko te rite tenei te mea fakamanamanai te parahanga rangi hauora tangata, me te pai-oranga o te taiao katoa. kia noho i te tohu matua o te hanganga o te huru tonu, pērā i roto i te hoahoa i raro nei.

Ko te ihirangi o etahi o te wāhanga i roto i te huru o te iti, engari kua riro te reira ki te pūkete, ka whakatau i whakapokea matū te rangi, a e he mahaki ki kaiao ora. I roto i te ripanga i raro, ki te kahore hoki te taketake, ano ngā te wāhanga tamau o rangi, nga tirotiro o e faarahi i roto i puia, ngā mahi ōhanga taupori (dioxides waro me te hauota, te mewaro).

e kore e whakapokea te rangi?

Ko te hanganga hau o te kōhauhau ki runga ki nga moana, moana, me wahi kai, ngahere, rāhui ao koiora iti huringa whakaritea ki nga pa. O te akoranga, i roto i te taiao o te taonga tūturu runga ake e tango hoki matū. utu Gas i roto i te ao koiora he pumau. Otiia i roto i te rauropi nuinga e te tukanga, e kore nei e whakapokea te rangi. Hei tauira, i roto i te ngahere - ahotakakame ki runga i tinana o te wai - te whakaetonga. Bacteria whakatika hauota i te rangi, ko taratahi te tipu, me te mimiti hauhā. Ko te huru i runga i te moana, me moana kukū i ki kohu wai, iodine, pūkeha, māota.

He aha poke te rangi?

Dangerous mō kaiao ora he pūhui rawa kanorau, mohiotia hoki neke atu i te 20,000 pollutants ao koiora katoa. I roto i te pa huru, ahumahi me te transportation pokapū kuware hakari me matū haurehu waihā matatini, aerosols, matūriki iti mārō. whakarārangi tatou i matū whakapokea te rangi:

• waro me te waro hau (waro ki Pālesi me te hauhā);
• whanariki me te whanariki anhydrides (di- me whanariki trioxide);
• pūhui hauota (waikura, me te haukini);
• te mewaro me te tahi atu waiwaro haurehu waihā;
• puehu, ngarahu, me te mea korakora, hei tauira, i roto i te mara maina ore.

He aha e nga puna o pira?

Kino pollutants rangi matū tomo te huru i roto i te hau, me te āhua kohu kore anake, engari i roto i te puka o rūrūtia iti, matūriki mārō o rerekē te rahi o. Tahua i riro ia i hinonga me te waka o te poke he pūhui motuhake, ratou rōpū (totoka, haurehu waihā, wai).

Kukū o whakaritea, me te tāupe wāhanga o te hau rerekē i roto i te ra, kia rite ki te taima. I roto i te tātaitanga o täoke ki pūkete te pēhanga kōhauhau, te pāmahana, te hau aronga, no te mea pā te tikanga huarere te hanganga o te apa rohe kōhauhau. Huringa i roto i nga nohanga o te nuinga o nga wae, pērā i te hauhā, e kore e tupu noa i roto i te tau. He hua i roto i te nui o CO ₂ i roto i te tau whakamutunga rau (te kati kōtuhi). I roto i ētahi wā, meinga huringa o ngä nohanga e ari tūturu. kia hū, whakaputanga noa pūhui paitini i roto o te whenua te wai ranei i roto i ngā wāhi tīpakohia tenei. Ko ake ki te huringa kino i roto i te hanganga kōhauhau arata'i mahi a te tangata.

Ko poke te rangi i runga i te whenua? puna Natural me te tangata-i hanga o te pira kino. Kua whakaritea te whakamutunga (hinonga putorino, nga kohua i, wahie-whakakī teihana tīwae) me pūkoro (aratau rerekē o te waka). A tabula i te taonga taketake i haere mai i pollutants rangi:

• whakahaere kamupene o ahumahi maha;
• mahi, i reira whakahaere keri te;
• AUTOMOBILES (whakapokea te rangi na roto i te tahu wahie i takea mai i te hinu, hau ranei ētahi atu matū waro-kei roto);
• teihana whakakī kora haurehu waihā me te wai;
• kōhua te whakamahi i kora matatoka me ratou i-hua;
• taparau me landfills, te wahi i nga matū whakapoke i te rangi, i hanga e te pirau o te whāwehe o ururua ahumahi, me te kāinga.

whenua Agricultural pērā i mara, kari, uru huarākau, whai wāhi hoki ki te huringa kino i roto i te hanganga o te kōhauhau. Ko e tika ana ki te mahi o te toi tenei, fertilizing, riringi patukīrea.

He aha te mea te puna matua o te rangi parahanga?

Ka whiwhi te reira i te rota o pūhui kino ki te huru no te whakarewanga, incineration i ahi i roto i nga pa, i roto i te ngahere, mara me mania. I roto i te rohe Inia kapi, te takoha tino nui ki te huringa i roto i te hanganga o te kahu mata o waka whai pānga kōhauhau. pūkete reira, kia rite ki rerekē tata ki te kia i te 60 ki te 95% o te pira haurehu waihā.

Ko poke te rangi i roto i te pa? te mamae rawa taupori noho taone ana whenua i ngā hua paitini o te parariraa, me te wahie. I roto i roto i te hanganga o te pira matūriki totoka, pērā i ngarahu, me te mata, nga pūhui wai, me te haurehu waihā: whanariki hāorarua, te waro haukura, waikura hauota, waiwaro me o ratou pärönaki.

Plants parahanga rangi i roto i ngā wāhi ahumahi te wahi whakawhanakehia ahumahi, whakarewa tukatuka ore, te tote, te hinu, waro, me te hau tūturu. Ko te hanganga o te pira tēnā i runga i te huinga o ngä rängai i roto i tetahi i tetahi rohe o te whenua ranei. Ko te rangi poke i roto i te pa pinepine kei hua parariraa, i roto ia ratou i reira he maha carcinogens, hei tauira, dioxin. whakatika he paowa i ngahere, steppe me te Peat nga ahi, mura o rau me te otaota. E mea pinepine tahu māra rakau me te ururua i roto i nga waho o nga pa, engari i ētahi wā noa tika i roto i te ara whakaturia ahi ki te rau, tarutaru.

He aha matū i roto i pira i ahumahi me te waka?

Ko poke te rangi i roto i te pa? I roto i te pokapū ahumahi o te mahi, ahumahi, transportation, taputapu, me te hanga kamupene. Ia whakahe takitahi me ngātahi i te pānga hangarau i runga i te taiao. E mea pinepine täoke taunekeneke. I roto i te nuinga o te wā i reira he whakakorenga waikura nonmetal i roto i rūrūtia wai - na i hanga "waikawa" kohu me te ua. meinga ratou kino tūnguru ki te taiao, te hauora tangata me te faahiahia hoahoa.

tukunga Tapeke o pollutants i tāone, me te tae rau o nga mano o taranata. Ko te rōrahi nui o pūhui paitini e haere mai ana i te metallurgical, pūngao, matū, ahumahi transportation. Plants toxics rangi: te haukini benzapirenom, whanariki hāorarua, formaldehyde, mercaptan, phenol. Hei wāhanga o te nui pira tipu ahumahi i roto i te 20 ki te 120 momo o hononga. Ki te whānuitanga iti e hanga e pūhui kino i ahumahi matini kai me te pueru, i roto i ngä pütahi mātauranga, hauora me te ahurea.

Dangerous ki te hua ururua organic o ngingiha?

Ka nga pa e rāhuitia ki te tahu rau hinga, tarutaru, tapahi, tākai, rauemi hanga me te tahi atu ururua ahumahi me te whare. paowa kini kei matū whakapoke i te kōhauhau. He kino ki te hauora o te tangata ratou, pōhara kē te kounga whānui o te taiao.

kore ohorere o te māramatanga i takitahi me ngā kaimahi o kamupene e e takahi ratou nga ture o whakapai ake, exacerbating te āhuatanga kaiao kua kino, ina tahu paru puranga me hamuti i roto i o ratou mara, i roto i nga marae o whare fare whakaturia ahi ki te ururua ipu. Tino maha te paru ipu kirihou reira, kiriata. Ko te tino kino tenei paowa hoki o te hua whāwehe waiariki o te waerau. I roto i te Russian Federation mō te paru tahu i roto i te kainga waho whiu.

I roto i te parariraa te tipu wahi, wheua, hiako kararehe, waerau me ētahi atu kōtuitanga organic o waikura waro e tohaina, kohu wai, pūhui hauota moka. Otiia e kore e ko te pollutants rangi katoa, e kua hanga e ka tahu porokeretia ururua ranei, paru whare tenei. Ki te nga rau, manga, tarutaru, me te tahi atu rauemi mākū, tu te reira i roto i matū atu paitini atu kohu kinokore wai. Hei tauira, ka 1 ton porokeretia rau mākū tukua e pā ana ki te 30 kg CO (te waro haukura).

E tu i muri ki te puranga mangungu o paru - he rite ki te kia i roto i te pa waka huarahi tino poke. Ko te ati o te waro haukura ko e herea reira ki pūtoto. E kore e taea e te carboxyhemoglobin hua tukua hāora ki te pūtau. Ētahi atu matū e whakapokea te kōhauhau, ka taea e meinga tauwhatinga o te bronchi me pūkahukahu, poisoning, exacerbation o mate mau. Hei tauira, i te inhalation o te ngakau te waro haukura mahi ki kawenga nui, mai i te tukua iti hāora ki te kopa. I roto i tenei take, kia kē mate Cardiovascular. He ati noa nui ko te huinga o pollutants haukino i roto i te pira ahumahi, whakapau waka.

Paerewa o ngä nohanga o pollutants

mai Tukunga i rino, me te maitai, te waro, te hinu me te tukatuka hau tipu, whakaurunga mana, hanga me ahumahi whaipainga. Kua horahia contamination iraruke o te pahūtanga i te Chernobyl mana karihi tipu me te karihi tipu te mana i roto i Japan ao. hua i tohua i roto i te ihirangi o waikura waro, whanariki, hauota, freons me ētahi atu tukunga iraruke mōrearea i roto i ngā wāhanga ngā o to tatou paraneta. I te tahi taime kitea matara i te wahi i reira e whakapoke kamupene te rangi tāoke. He rarua a uaua ki te whakaoti rapanga ao o te taata tenei āhuatanga.

I roto i te 1973 kua whakaarohia te komiti e hāngai ana o te Health Organization World (WHO) paearu mō te aromatawai kounga rangi i roto i nga pa. Kua kitea tohunga e te āhua o te hauora o te iwi i te 15-20% rānei i runga i te tikanga taiao. I runga i te pūtake o te rangahau maha i roto i te rau tau XX tautuhia i taumata manakohia o pollutants nui kinokore ki te iwi. Hei tauira, kia te kukū toharite o matūriki iri i roto i te rangi 40 g / m ^_3. e kore e nui te ihirangi o waikura whanariki 60 mg / m ^₃ ia tau. Hoki te waro haukura te tau waenga hāngai - 10 mg / m ^₃ mō te 8 haora.

He aha te mea te kukū mōrahi whakaaetia (MPC)?

Resolution o te Tumuaki State Sanitary Doctor o te Russian Federation whakaaetia e te paerewa mā o te ihirangi o tata 600 pūhui kino i roto i nga kainga huru. Tenei MPC o pollutants i roto i te rārangi rangi e tohu te ngaro o ngā pānga kino i runga i ngā āhuatanga tangata me te parukore. Ko te whakaritenga e tohu akomanga mōrearea o pūhui, nga uara o ratou ihirangi i roto i te hau (mg / ^_m3). E tohua ēnei tawhā ka raraunga hou i runga i te tāoke o matū takitahi. Otiia e kore e katoa te e. Ko te rārangi tuhinga he hakari 38 matū mō nei he kanga i runga i te pira e tika ana ki to ratou mahi koiora teitei.

Nahea te mana kāwanatanga i roto i te mara o te tiaki rangi?

huringa horonga i roto i te hanganga o te rangi mata ki hopearaa kino i roto i te ōhanga, hauora tino taumaha me te tümanako ora iti. Ko te raruraru o te whakanui ake i hua o pūhui kino ki te huru rite te kāwanatanga āwangawanga, kāwanatanga, me kāwanatanga terenga wai, me te iwi whānui, iwi noa.

Ko te ture o te whenua maha whakarato engineering me rangahau taiao mua ki te hanga, anō me te ao hou, o tata ahanoa katoa o te ōhanga. kawea te reira i roto i te i whakarite ai o pollutants i te rangi, tango takahanga ki te tiaki i te kōhauhau. raruraru faatiti'aifarohia o te whakaiti i te kawenga horonga i runga i te taiao, whakaiti o te pira me tukunga o pollutants. I roto i Russia, te whakatamarikitanga o ture e hānga ana i runga i te tiaki taiao, rangi, me ētahi atu mahi ā-ture, me te normative-ture whakahaere i te mahi i roto i te mara taiao. Whakatinana te mana taiao āhua, iti e te täoke kawea tukunga e fakafuofua.

He aha te mea Mae?

Enterprises, poke rangi me tango puna rārangi taenga o pūhui kino i roto i te rangi. Ko te tikanga, kua kite i tenei mahi tona tonu arorau i roto i te whakatau i te mōrahi tukunga whakaaetia (MPE). pā ana te hiahia ki te whiwhi i tēnei tuhinga te ki te i whakarite ai o te pānga horonga i runga i te kōhauhau. I runga i te pūtake o te kōrero e kua whakaurua i te MPE, te kamupene e tango te tukua e te ki emit pollutants ki te kōhauhau. o raraunga tukunga ture e whakamahia ki te tātai utu mō pānga kino i runga i te taiao.

Ki te te rōrahi o te takahanga me te tukua e kahore, o pira i puna poke kei roto i te whare ahumahi atu pakihi ahumahi ranei utu i roto i te 2, 5, 10 ngā wā atu. Māori o pollutants i roto i te rangi ārahi ki te huru ki te whakaiti i te mana kino. He he he manawarū ōhanga mo te whakatinanatanga o mehua mo te tiaki o te natura i tona whakauru ki pūhui ke.

Utu mō te poke taiao e haere mai ana i te hinonga, putu e mana ā-rohe me te hānga i roto i pūtea taiao pūtea motuhake. pau Funds i runga i ngā mahi taiao.

Me pēhea te ki te horoi me te tiaki i te rangi i roto i ngā wāhi ahumahi, me te tahi atu?

kawea purenga o rangi poke i roto i te tikanga rerekē. I runga i nga putorino kōhua me ngā tipu tukatuka tāuta whiriwhiringa, i reira he puehu me te getter tāuta. Na roto i te whakamahi o te whāwehe waiariki me te hāora, e puta etahi matū paitini ki pūhui kinokore. kawea pira Tuhinga o haurehu kino ki te tōhau i roto e ngā tikanga e whakamahia ana mo te absorption o poke sorbents, kaiwhakakökï hoki purenga.

Ko te heke mai o te tiaki rangi e pā ana ki te mahi i runga i te whakaiti o pollutants ki te kōhauhau. He mea tika ki te whakawhanake i te pira mana taiwhanga i roto i nga pa, i runga i huarahi pukumahi. kia haere tonu te reira ki te whakauru i ngā pūnaha whakaora totoka i ranunga haurehu waihā i runga i ngā tipu. Me whakaaro hou cheap mō te horoi pira o haurehu paitini me aerosols. titau te mara mana kāwanatanga i te hua i roto i te maha o ngā pou mō te arowhai me te huri i nga pira pereoo whakapau. kia whakawhiti ahumahi pūngao me waka ki iti kino i te wāhi taiao o te tirohanga, kora (pērā i te hau māori, biofuel). Na roto ratou ngingiha tohaina täoke iti totoka, me te wai.

He aha te mea te tūranga o ngā wāhi matomato i roto i te horoi rangi?

He uaua ki te pe si◊aki te takoha o ngā tipu ki te faaî i te rāhui hāora i runga i te whenua, hopu täoke. E huaina Forests "koura matomato", "pūkahukahu o te ao" mo te kaha rau photosynthetic. Tenei tukanga Ko te absorption o te hauhā me te wai, te hāora, me te hanganga o te māngaro i roto i te marama. emit Plants te ahua i roto i te rangi - matū pānga te waipiro i runga i papapūata mate-meinga.

Te whakanui ake i te rohe o te wāhi matomato i roto i ngā wāhi tāone - tetahi o nga mehua tino nui tiaki i te taiao. Whakatokia rakau, rakau iti, otaota me te puawai i roto i nga whatianga o nga whare, i roto i ngā pāka, tapawhā me haere rori. Plant mo te rohe o ngā kura me ngā hōhipera, otaota ahumahi.

Kua kitea Scientists e ki te ara pai e haru i te puehu me te matū haurehu waihā kino i whakato tukunga, tukunga waka tipu pērā i papara, Linden, putirā. emit te nuinga ahua māra production koroī. Air i roto i te rimu, kauri, ngahere hunipa he rawa parakore me curative.