Ko te whakatupuranga tuatahi o rorohiko: te timatanga

I roto i te reo Ingarihi, i te kupu "rorohiko" tikanga "rorohiko". Ko reira ki te whāinga o te e mau ana i roto i tātaitanga matatini, i hanga te rorohiko tuatahi.

Ko te hītori o te rorohiko, rite te mea ai reira, he ona pakiaka i roto i te tawhito. O te akoranga, e kore e nga taputapu tātai tuatahi haere ki tetahi rite ki hou, engari kei reira ki a ratou, a ka tīmata te hanga o te hangarau rorohiko. i te taputapu tuatahi e tauturu iwi ki te whakaaro pai mohiotia-e ngā pūkete katoa.

takatātai tawhito ko te paraharaha rakau, onepu tauhiuhia. I roto i Russia, rite te taputapu nui mō tātaitanga ohie me Computations whakamahia wheua decomposes ki puranga. Heoi, mai i ka tango i te oraraa o Russia maha atu tenetere i mua i tatou tiki tata ki te hanganga o te rorohiko.

Ko te whakatupuranga tuatahi o rorohiko e pā ana ki te ingoa o John von Neumann, Claude Shannon ko Alan Turing - te parau haapiiraa o te hāngaitanga tika ki te whanaketanga o te hangarau rorohiko. Te nuinga o te tuatahi rorohiko i hanga i roto i te wā i 1945 ki te 1954 hei whakamātau ki te whakamātau i te tahi mau tūranga ariā. I te wa ano e tango i te reira i te whanaketanga hou, e pā ana tika ki te hangarau mōhiohio, pūtaiao - cybernetics. Whakatika noa nga 60raa o te rau tau 20 i raro i te cybernetics Poiete, e pā ana te pūtaiao me te whanaketanga o te hangarau rorohiko, tae atu tona aronga tino whaihua - karetao me tenenga mātauranga horihori. I hanga te whakatupuranga tuatahi o rorohiko e hāngai ana i runga i te mahi o ngongo korehau (rite ki te hunga e whakamahia ana i roto i televisions pakeke), rorohiko, rau waenganui-20, tae reira hanganga nui, he ruma motuhake e hiahiatia ana ki te hāngai ratou.

Ko te kunenga mai o te rorohiko ngā rima kaupae taketake. Te aha e mea atu pea ki te kia whakaaro ko te wā o te whakatupuranga tuatahi o rorohiko? E kore matou e tangohia ki pūkete te tenenga tātai o to tatou mau tupuna onamata, rite kei ratou, i roto i te meka, kahore pā ana ki te putanga o te hangarau rorohiko. Ko te hanganga o te rorohiko tuatahi, i te mea te tauira o te rorohiko hou, he faufaa hoki te pūtaiao taua, rite te pūtaiao, rite te katoa.

Ngā wāhanga o te whanaketanga o te rorohiko:

• 1945-1954, te pa - te hanganga o te rorohiko tuatahi e hāngai ana i runga i te whanaketanga o ngā hanganga o te hangarau rorohiko e John von Neumann - te whakatupuranga tuatahi o rorohiko;
• 1955-1964, te pa - te hanganga o te whakatupuranga tuarua o rorohiko hāngai i runga i transistors, whakatinana ratou i roto i te pūnaha mahi tuatahi, te whanaketanga o te reo hōtaka: Cobol, Algol, Fortran, te putanga o rorohiko mō te hoko;
• 1965-1974, te pa - te tenenga o microchips, te timatanga o te whakamahi o te mahara Semiconductor (RAM) i roto i te rorohiko, te timatanga o te hanga nui-tauine o rorohiko.

I i te tau 1975 ki te 1985 ko te wā o te marino i roto i te whanaketanga o te hiko-rorohiko.

Mai 1985 ka timata te wā o te wha nga whakatupuranga o rorohiko, rorohiko hangarau whakapai ake mā te whakanui ake i tōna āheinga, me te whakaiti i te rahi, urutanga me te hanga papatipu o rorohiko.

te rima te whakatupuranga o rorohiko i roto i ngā o pūtaiao Japanese kōrero te whakapai ake o ngā tauira ngā o rorohiko me te hanga o te hangarau rorohiko, te kaha ki te mahino whakahau a te kaiwhakamahi ki tona taumata o te whakaaro. Ahakoa o nei te mauria i nga mahere grandiose o kaitito ke e kore ranei, kua kairau a te whakatupuranga tuatahi o rorohiko i te tūranga rawa nui i roto i te whanaketanga o ngā hangarau mōhiohio o te heke mai. Ko te rorohiko tuatahi, noho whenua nui, me te whakaatu ana tatou ki te taniwha tūturu, ahakoa, ko te tauira o to tatou PC mua katoa. Te kore ratou oraraa, te tenenga o rorohiko, netbook, papa, me ētahi atu e te mea e taea.