Nikolay Gerasimovich Kuznetsov - Admiral o te Tāruru. Russian rererangi kawe "Admiral Kuznetsov"

hanga nui tianara Russian te kororia o patu Russian i runga i te whenua, rangi me te moana. Pita i whakamahere ahau whanaketanga te whenua o rite te mana moana, whakapanga nga shipyards tuatahi, me te te kukume Engineers ke. Kua whakahohea ana mahi Russia ki te riro i te rota o whakaora nui i runga i te moana. Ushakov, Nakhimov - ko te rangatira manuao tuatahi, o ratou ingoa e taea e whakakake o to matou whenua tenei. I roto i te USSR, ko te mono o ratou whakaora te Admiral Kuznetsov, kua tona ora kua hono ki te ope manuao te whäriki.

biography

I roto i te whakaaro o Nicholas Gerasimovitch Kuznetsova, e kore e hoatu wheako whakahaere kaipuke tonu, me whiwhi i te reira na roto i te whai i te ara o te hēramana. Ko te aha tīmata mahi meteoric o te kuao tamaiti i te kainga Medvedkov Astrakhan rohe. Future Admiral Kuznetsov hit te kaipuke i roto i te 15 tau, tāpiri ki ana tau e rua o te tau, pole ia mo te Pakanga Civil. I roto i te 1919, i whawhai ia rite te hēramana i runga i te kaipuke Northern Dvina kahupapa. I puta ia i te Naval Academy, a muri i te Academy ki hōnore, ka tono tangata Kuznetsov ki te mahi i runga i te Black Moana Fleet. Ko te cruiser "Red Ukraine" riro he hēramana kura mo ia, i timata ki te rangatira pou o te rahoraho. Mai 1933, ka e ia te rangatira o te cruiser, i roto i te rima tau e haere ake nei o te mahi, whakanuia te kaipuke rite te tauira o te whakangungu hōia, ako, mahi shooting. timata te Navy korero e pā ana ki te hanga pūnaha Kuznetsova, kua meinga nei e te tikanga o te faaineineraa o marae hōia i roto i nga Munuwao katoa o te USSR. I whakawhiwhia te whakaotinga te rangatira o te paetukutuku tuatahi i roto i te tau 1935 i te Ota o te Star Whero. I roto i te wā o te mahi i runga i te cruiser Kuznetsov whakawhanake tātai hou o whakahaere whawhai manuao, mōhio te faufaa o te rangi reconnaissance. I roto i tona tautohe ariā kī e te ngā o katoa momo o ropu e hoatu hua pai i roto i ngā mahi hōia. Ko te tūranga tino nui i roto i tona waka rererangi whakaritea. I roto i te heke mai, e kore e whakapumautia anake tenei ariā, engari ano hoki e tika ana ki Kuznetsov, kua ora maha ora, hanga i te takoha nui ki te wikitoria o te Soviet Union i te akina o te Tama'i Rahi II o te Ao.

Spain

I roto i 1936, i te mahi o tūao kaumoana i roto i te whawhai ki fascism ko tuku wā me te unloading o te tauturu e haere mai ana i te Soviet Union. Kuznetsov rite te attaché manuao i Spain, i roto i te mahi, he whakaaro o te tika o tona ariā. hoariri kaipuke rererangi waka totohu i roto i te huarahi ki ngā tauranga, ratou mahi tino haafifi rere, e pä te tōtika o te mahi hōia. Hangaia Kuznetsov he peka hou - naval rererangi, e hāngai ana nei i roto i te rohe tauranga, me te pei nga whakaeke o whawhai hoariri. Hoki tenei mahi i whakawhiwhia e ia te Order "Whero Banner" me "Lenin". Hoki mai i Spain i 1937, i whakaritea Kuznetsov te rite te tuarua, me te ka tino o te Pacific Fleet. Ko te tikanga matua, i tangohia nei e ia i roto o te whawhai i roto i Spain, ko te hihiko tamau o ia kaipuke me te kaipuke rite te katoa.

i mua i te pakanga

I roto i nga tau 30 o te USSR tīmata ki te hanga i tētahi hou, kaipuke atu kaha, i whakangaromia i roto i te whawhai Russian-Japanese o 1904. ngā Future Admiral Kuznetsov i 1937 kei roto i te whakahau o te Tumuaki o te Kaunihera Military o te Navy, hanga nei e te Commissariat. I 34, ka e ia Commissar o te Navy o te tangata whakaotinga. I roto i nga taitamariki tona tāpaetanga, e kore rawa ite, engari e whai ana ki te whawhati i te kororia o patu Russian rangatira. Kuznetsov subordinated tika ki Stalin, hanga ana e ia uaua reira ki te mahi. Commander i Chief i haere ki te hanga i te maha hou o kaipuke nui - tama'ii, kau fakasio. Kuznetsov, i runga i te anga ke, tohe i runga i te tuku o kaipuke o akomanga rerekē, tae atu ki ngā kawe rererangi. Tohe ia te rangatira o te hiahia ki te waihanga i tētahi waka rererangi takutai, taea ki te kawe i roto i te tūhuratanga tere, me te ki te whakarite i te kaupapa haumaru o kaipuke. wā mahi te wāhi nui i faataahia whakangungu Kuznetsov o kaimahi i roto i te ope kaha i roto i ngā āhuatanga whawhai, te hinaaro o ia kaipuke mo te pehipehi. I roto i te wā i te tau 1938 ki te 1948 ngā kura maha i whakatuwheratia ki te waihanga i tētahi rangatira manuao tohu me heramana. Kuznetsov fakatāutaha tae mai ia oko, ki te aroturuki tautukunga o te kaipuke, me nga tikanga faatitiaifaroraa, aromatawai i nga mahi o te kaipuke i te mahi. Na roto i te timatanga o te whawhai, ahakoa te tautohetohe ki a Stalin, hanga commissar o te iwi taitamariki ki te mahi he tokomaha o ratou whakaaro, a hanga he kaipuke Soviet hou te whawhai-tika.

War Great Patriotic

pūrongo TASS, he whakakahore i te pea o te whakaeke Tiamana i runga i te Soviet Union, timata ki te karanga Kuznetsova ki te mahi. rite rawa nga kaipuke i ki rāhui wahie, tū he rārangi ki tonu o nga wahi rauemi me paura, kua kaitorotoro whakakaha me te maramarama. Mai Mei 1941 kaha nga kaimahi i te poroporoaki uta tapuí o, i te wa ano politpodgotovka whawhai. Ko te timatanga o te kaipuke fakaaoao Nasí tutaki i hihiko whawhai tonu, ko te kupu te haapae parekura. Hanga i mua i te mahere whawhai wherahia mahi tiaki i runga i whakahau a Kuznetsova waho te wawaotanga tika o Commander. Te opani i o nga maina, wherahia mua, rererangi hoariri huna i runga i te huarahi ki te wahi Fleet. Pipiri 24 ki te ārai i te riri puta i runga i nga kaipuke o te Baltic Navy i te whakahau wahia e ia Kuznetsova i Kronstadt, mahue Tallinn. puhipuhi Naval nui awhinatia i roto i te korero o Leningrad me tona whakaoranga i te pā. ka mau nga heramana wahi i roto i ngā mahi whenua, te āwhina ki te pehi i te Armada Fascist. meinga rererangi o te kaipuke Baltic i August 1941 e rave rahi aro nui i runga i Berlin, kihai i meinga e ratou kino nui ki te whakapaipai German, engari whakaarahia te ngākau o to tatou hōia. Mai 1944, i runga i nga whakahau o Commander Kuznetsov NG - Admiral o te Tāruru, kei te whakawhiwhia tenei taitara mo te wa tuatahi a me te ki te kaiwhakahaere.

hua

Kua arahina Active kaipuke Soviet whawhai ki te parekura nui i te hoariri. Fleet Admiral NG Kuznetsov fakatāutaha whakawhanakehia ngā mahi haere tonu katoa whakaaetia e te na Commander i Chief, mahi i roto i te whakatōpūtanga tamau ki ētahi atu ringa. Kaipuke, huna mua i roto i te pakanga 1,200 wae (waka, haumaru) o te hoariri. Navy Aviation i roto i te whawhai i runga i te whenua, a wahia neke atu i te 5,000 rererangi Tiamana. I te wa ano, i te ope o te Tāruru Northern kawea atu te tiaki me te transportation o taonga i whenua whakauru. Kua tangohia Rau o nga mano o te iwi i roto o te ara o te ora o te Leningrad whakapaea, neke atu i te 10 tana o te utanga tukua ki te pa fiekaia. I maina huna neke atu i te 200 kaipuke hoariri. I whakawhiwhia Fleet Admiral Kuznetsov te Order o "Ushakov" 1 tohu "Kara Whero" me "Lenin". Neke atu i te 70 kaipuke i whakawhiwhia te taitara o tiaki, ka 513 heramana Heroes o te Soviet Union. He rangatira o te Navy Admiral o te Soviet Union Kuznetsov whai wāhi i roto i hui i täwähi, hui me ngā whiriwhiringa ki te Hoa.

i muri i te pakanga,

Ko te whāinga matua o te kaipuke te rangimarie ko te ora. kaupapa te pahi (tae atu ki ngā kawe rererangi) me te whanaketanga o ope manuao i te aroaro ki a Stalin fakatāutaha Commissar. NG Kuznetsov, admiral, hanga rongonui i roto i te whawhai, tohe i runga i o ratou mahere me ngā whakaritenga, e he maha i te aroaro ki te whakaaro o te rangatira. No te mea o enei rerekētanga, me whaiaro tika-i roto i te 1948, Ua faatopahia Kuznetsov ki te paetukutuku o Rear Admiral, a tata noho iho i runga i te ū. pau ia e ono nga marama kahore mahi, i tukua e te whakaeke ngakau, engari i taea ki te tīmata te mahi rite te rangatira tuarua o te Navy o te Far Te Tai Rāwhiti ia. Ko reira i reira e ka e ia te ana'iraa i muri Vice-Admiral mo te rua o nga wa. I roto i te 1951, i runga i te tikanga whaiaro o Stalin, ka hoki ia ki a Moscow, a tino rehabilitated. Ko te taitara muri o Admiral Kuznetsov riro i roto i 1953, i whai wāhi ia i roto i te mahi, me te rapu arotake hōtaka te pahi.

toru au Admiral

atu te aitua o Nikolaya Gerasimovicha hono ki te faafariuraa kaipuke me ona mahi tata ki te pokapū e hāngai ana, me te Academy o Pūtaiao o te USSR hanga reira taea ki te hanga i tētahi submarines karihi-powered. piri ia faufaa nui taputapu kaipuke ki missiles. i whakanohoia ratou i roto i mua, a waipuke te waka. E kore kua kitea e te whakaaro o te hanganga o kawe rererangi me tona whakatutukitanga tae noa ki 1972, ka i mangai reira e te hiahia mō ngā o "whawhai makariri" ki te United States. Ua tauturu maiteraa Kuznetsova hoe te hōtaka o te ao hōu o te kaipuke, engari rahi te reira i ona whanaunga ki te whiriwhiri i te faatere. I raro i Khrushchev, Ua faatopahia ano te Admiral Kuznetsov. hanga tona mate taea reira ki te tango ia ia i te pou o te rangatira i roto i te tino o te Navy, a i roto i te meka nekehia atu i te take, kia i tukua putia e ia tona ora katoa. Otiia tuku nga hua o ana mahi hua - te kawe rererangi i hanga Admiral Kuznetsov. Retired Kuznetsov tuhituhi he rota e pā ana ki te Navy, translations o tuhinga ke, ka arotakea ratou whakaora me mate. mate ia i runga i Hakihea 6, 1974, i tanumia i roto i te Novodevichy urupā i Moscow. Ko te toru o te wā ko te Admiral o te Tāruru Kuznetsov i muri tona matenga, i hoki mai te taitara i roto i 1988 i raro i te pēhanga i ona hoa me te whānau Nikolaya Gerasimovicha.

Te kawe rererangi Admiral Kuznetsov

I roto i 1982, i te rakau o te hanga kaipuke Moana Black tuarima whakatakotoria cruiser taimaha i runga i te tipu. I hangaia tona rahoraho mo te whare, ka ū, ka tango-atu o te rererangi Su me mig. Mai i te kau o whakapanga o te kaipuke ra ano te mutunga o nga momo katoa o whakamātautau, i ia wha ingoa: "Riga", "Leonid Brezhnev", "Tbilisi". Na anake i roto i te tau 1990 ko te kaipuke ki te mau i te ingoa "Soviet Union Fleet Admiral Kuznetsov". whakarewahia te kaipuke i roto i 1985, tonu tona whare mutu tere, taputapu me te kaingārahu,. I roto i te 1989, e tu ana te waka i runga i tona taha, a ka timata kaiurungi whakamatautau runways āhuatanga. Su-25, Su-27, kua pai te tāia ki Mig 29 ki te mahi, a ka whakawhitia ki te ū pai kaipuke mo te whakaoti.

taputapu

Te kawe waka rererangi Admiral Kuznetsov, i waiho i raro ki te maha reconstructions. kia tona hihiani, navigation, patu hiko kia ake tonu. Ko te kaipuke o tenei rahi me te piha haapiiraa tino uaua ki te tahuri me te tino utu ki te pupuri i runga i mataara, engari ko reira ki runga ki te ra hakari i roto i te taviniraa, ka fatongia kia titoa o te Tāruru Northern. Ko tōna displacement (mōrahi) he 61 m, roa -. 306 m, whanui -. 71 m. Teitei - 65 mita, hukihuki mōrahi -. 10 m I whakamahia pokekore propulsor pyatilopastnye wha e kua whakaratohia i roto i te kaupapa diesel-generators (6), te mīhini huri hiko mamaoa (4) me generators mīhini huri hiko (9). Kei rākau o te riri o missiles "Granit", "Dirk", "oka", pū anti-rererangi AK-630, RBU ASW pōma. Ko te rōpū rererangi taketake ngā rima tekau rererangi me topatopa.

whanaketanga

Ki te rā, te rererangi kawe Admiral Kuznetsov, ko te kaipuke nui rawa o tenei momo. e kore e ona analogues hua e ngaro mahere fafau Navy i roto i tenei aronga. Ko te ārahitanga o te hou Russian Navy whakaae te meka e te hanga N. G. Kuznetsovym 50 tau ki muri, ko tonu e hāngai ana te whanaketanga o te kaupapa i tenei ra. Ko taea e te kawe rererangi hou, e he hohoro atu i runga i shipyards hou ka whakatakotoria kia ki te whakatau whakaritenga hou. E pā ana tēnei ki e rua patu, me engines kaipuke. oko manuao New raro i te whakahau o admirals taitamariki e te wikitoria i te nui o te moana, a ki te whakaatu i te ao te kaha o patu Russian, engari wareware e pā ana ki te iwi nei i tuhituhi nga whārangi tuatahi o tenei pukapuka, ehara i te mea e tika ana.